Many homes have outdoor areas such as backyards, courtyards, decks, swimming pools, play areas and sandpits. The provision of sufficient UVR protective shade for outdoor areas within the home will contribute to the health and safety of family members (particularly children) and visitors. Well-designed shade will also enhance the aesthetic qualities of the home environment, resulting in outdoor spaces that are both visually appealing and comfortable to use. It should be noted, however, that shade will not provide total UVR protection. The use of personal protection measures, ie sun protective clothing, hats, sunscreen and sunglasses is recommended. Care should also be taken to stay out of the sun between 11am and 4pm during summer, when daily UVR levels are generally at their peak.

recommendations and considerations

general outdoor areas

Partial shade is recommended for general outdoor areas, especially over grass which needs some sun for growth. Natural shade is the most appropriate option. If sufficient shade is available at all times of the day, it will allow greater flexibility for children’s play. Planting on the northern, northeastern and northwestern aspects of the site is recommended.

outdoor eating areas; decks and patios

Shade is recommended over outdoor eating and similar areas. eg decks and patios. Consider using a combination of natural and built shade, eg a trellis covered with a climbing vine, as it will enhance the visual appeal of the space. An adjustable built system and/or deciduous vegetation will allow for heat and light penetration during the cooler months.

sandpits and play equipment

Shade throughout the summer months is recommended over sandpits, although built shade may be the most appropriate option. Pull-down screens at the side of the structure will help protect against indirect UVR. Partial shade is recommended for the area which contains fixed play equipment. Natural shade is the most appropriate option. The ability to supervise children is an important issue. Inappropriately located trees and shrubs and shade structures with solid and/or opaque sides may obstruct views of children playing.

pool areas

Shade throughout the summer is recommended over the relaxation area adjacent to the pool. Consider using built shade, as tree leaves may create ongoing pool maintenance problems. Pool lounges and other seats should be placed in the shade, particularly during the middle period of the day.

verandahs

Verandahs will provide permanent shade as well as rain protection. The angle of the roof and the extent of overhang should be designed to maximise shade for the major part of the day, especially during summer. The width of the verandah should allow sufficient space for activities such as outdoor eating or children’s play to occur. Vertical pull-down blinds at the side of a verandah can provide additional protection from UVR when the sun is low in the sky.